Introduction
The methods used for ambient air quality monitoring vary from simple manual sampling to advanced real-time networks. Key methods include:
1. Manual Sampling: Air is drawn through filters or absorbent materials and later analyzed in a lab. Suitable for detailed chemical analysis but lacks real-time data.
2. Continuous Air Monitoring Systems (CAMS): Automated stations provide real-time readings for multiple parameters simultaneously.
3. IoT & Low-Cost Sensors: Portable, networked devices that enable widespread monitoring, often at lower accuracy but higher coverage.
4. Remote Sensing & Satellites: Provide large-scale regional and global air quality data.
The choice depends on budget, purpose, and desired data precision.
Advantages
– Real-time alerts: CAMS and IoT devices detect pollution spikes instantly.
– Broad coverage: IoT and satellite methods reach remote areas.
– High precision: Laboratory-based methods offer detailed pollutant breakdowns.
– Integration potential: Data can be linked to weather, traffic, and health systems.
Disadvantages
– Cost: High-end systems are expensive.
– Accuracy trade-offs: Low-cost sensors may be less reliable.
– Maintenance needs: Regular calibration is essential.
– Data management: Large datasets require strong analytics tools.
Uses in Environment & Daily Life
– Public air quality dashboards.
– Smart city pollution control systems.
– Industrial emission monitoring.
– Academic and government research.